SS-31 (Elamipretide) (10mg)

SS-31 (Elamipretide, also known as MTP-131 and Bendavia) is a synthetic tetrapeptide designed to selectively accumulate within the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). Its alternating aromatic and basic amino acid structure confers a strongly cationic character that drives electrostatic concentration in the IMM — achieving mitochondrial concentrations orders of magnitude above plasma levels without membrane potential dependence.

Once localised to the IMM, SS-31 binds cardiolipin — a phospholipid unique to the inner mitochondrial membrane that is essential for cristae architecture and the organisation of respiratory chain supercomplexes. Cardiolipin oxidation by cytochrome c (which converts from an electron carrier to a peroxidase under oxidative stress) is a primary driver of mitochondrial dysfunction. SS-31 inhibits this cytochrome c peroxidase activity, preserving cardiolipin integrity, restoring cristae structure, and maintaining efficient electron transport chain (ETC) function.

The functional consequences include enhanced ATP production, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, preserved mitochondrial membrane potential, and improved cellular resilience across high-energy tissues: heart, skeletal muscle, brain, and kidneys. SS-31 has entered Phase 2/3 clinical trials for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and has demonstrated significant improvements in cardiac and skeletal muscle function in human studies.